Learnings & Insights

Aprendizados & Ideias

Sharing knowledge for sustainable community practices

How to Compost Food Waste at Home

A step-by-step guide to reducing food waste and creating nutrient-rich compost

1

Choose the type of composter

Decide where and how you will compost:

  • Closed domestic composter: ideal for apartments or small gardens. Controls odor and keeps insects away.
  • Outdoor compost piles: for larger yards; allows faster composting.
  • Vermicomposting (with worms): excellent for apartments or small spaces. Worms turn kitchen scraps into nutrient-rich humus.
2

Choose the location

A shaded and well-ventilated spot is ideal. Avoid placing the composter near doors or windows to prevent odors and insects. Make sure the soil drains well if composting outdoors.

3

Prepare the right materials

"Green" materials (nitrogen-rich)

  • Fruit and vegetable scraps
  • Eggshells
  • Coffee grounds and tea bags
  • Bread and cereal leftovers

"Brown" materials (carbon-rich)

  • Dry leaves
  • Paper or cardboard scraps
  • Thin branches or straw

Golden rule: mix about 2/3 browns with 1/3 greens to balance nitrogen and carbon.

4

Avoid certain materials

Do not put in the composter:

  • Meat, fish, or bones (attract pests and cause bad odor)
  • Fats or oils
  • Excess dairy
  • Plastics, glass, metals
5

Prepare food scraps

Chop larger scraps (like peels or stems) into small pieces to speed up decomposition. Mix greens with browns as soon as you add them to the composter.

6

Maintain moisture

The compost should be as moist as a wrung-out sponge. Add water if it's too dry, or add more browns if it's too wet.

7

Turn the compost

Mix the compost every 1-2 weeks to aerate it. This speeds up decomposition and prevents bad odors.

8

Monitor temperature

A well-working compost pile will feel warm in the center. This means microorganisms are actively breaking down materials.

9

Wait for completion

Compost is ready when it's dark, crumbly, and has an earthy smell. This usually takes 2-6 months depending on conditions.

10

Use the compost

The finished compost can be used in vegetable gardens and flower beds, plant pots, and community garden beds. It is a natural fertilizer that enriches the soil, helps retain water, and reduces the need for chemicals.

Extra Tips for Successful Composting

Start Small

Begin with a small composting system and increase as you get used to the process.

Citrus in Moderation

Avoid adding too many citrus peels or onions, as they can slow decomposition.

Temperature Matters

For vermicomposting, keep worms happy with temperatures between 15-25°C.

Ready to start composting?

Join our BioRainha initiative and become part of the sustainability movement

Get Involved